Rights Short and Long Important Question Class 11 Political Science Chapter-5 Book-Political Theory

 

1. What are rights?

Answer:

• Rights are claims which can be justified.

• These provide citizens an opportunity to live a respectable life.

• Democracy is considered incomplete without rights.

• Example: Freedom of expression, right to education, right to life, etc.

2. What is the importance of rights?

Answer:

• The basis for living a respectable life.

• Ensures freedom and security of the individual.

• Strengthens the democratic system of governance.

• Promotes equality and justice.

• Makes the state responsible for the welfare of its citizens.

3. Where do rights come from?

Answer:

• In ancient times, rights were considered to be natural or God-given.

• Political thinkers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries gave the theory of natural rights.

• In the modern era, rights are considered to be the result of legal and social systems.

• The United Nations Declaration of Human Rights gave rights global recognition.

4. What are natural rights?

Answer:

• Natural rights are those rights which every person gets from birth.

• These cannot be taken away by the state or government.

According to John Locke there are three major natural rights:

1. Right to life

2. Right to freedom

3. Right to property

5. What are human rights?

Answer:

• Human rights are rights that provide equality, freedom and dignity to all human beings.

• The United Nations Declaration of Human Rights (1948) gave these universal recognition.

• Human rights do not discriminate on the basis of race, religion, colour, sex, or language.

• Example: Right to life, right to education, right to labour, prohibition of child labour, etc.

6. What is the difference between legal rights and fundamental rights?

Answer:

7. What is the role of rights in the Constitution?

Answer:

• The Constitution provides constitutional protection to the rights of citizens.

• These rights define the responsibilities of the government and the freedom of citizens.

• In India, Fundamental Rights are mentioned in Part 3 of the Constitution.

8. How many types of rights are there?

Answer:

1. Political rights:

• Right to vote

• Right to form political parties and contest elections

2. Economic rights:

• Right to employment and fair wages

• Right to hold property

3. Social and cultural rights:

• Right to education

• Right to protect culture and language

4. Human rights:

• Right to life and liberty

• right to fair justice

9. What is the responsibility of the State towards rights?

Answer:

• Protecting the rights of citizens.

• Maintaining law and order.

• Providing equal opportunities to all citizens.

• To take special measures for the underprivileged sections.

• Punishment for violation of rights.

10. What is the relation between rights and duties?

Answer:

• Along with rights, citizens also have some duties.

• Every person should exercise his rights in such a way that the rights of others are not violated.

• Example: There is a right to freedom of speech, but it cannot be used to defame anyone.

11. Can restrictions be imposed on rights?

Answer:

Yes, reasonable restrictions can be imposed on certain rights to protect national security, social order and morality.

Example: Some rights may be suspended in case of war or emergency.

12. How can misuse of rights be prevented?

Answer:

• Constitutional protection and the role of the judiciary.

• Legal awareness and education.

• Government and civil society monitoring.

• Maintaining the balance of rights.

13. Give some examples of violation of human rights.

Answer:

• Racial discrimination and apartheid.

• Child labor and human trafficking.

• War crimes and genocide.

• violence against women.

14. How are rights expanded?

Answer:

• The definition of rights keeps changing with new social and economic changes.

• Example: Earlier “Right to Education” was not a fundamental right but now it has been added in the constitution.

• New concepts like environmental protection, digital privacy and right to information are being added to the rights.

15. Which institutions work for the protection of rights?

Answer:

• United Nations Human Rights Commission (UNHRC).

• National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), India.

• Supreme Court and High Courts.

• Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and social workers.