Citizenship Short and Long Important Question Class 11 Political Science Chapter-6 Book-Political Theory
0Team Eklavyaजून 09, 2025
1. What is citizenship?
Answer:
Citizenship refers to full and equal membership of a political community. It provides citizens with legal rights, duties, and protections. Citizens expect basic rights and cooperation from their nation.
2. Why is citizenship important?
Answer:
Citizenship provides a person with identity, security and rights in his or her nation. It assures legal, political and social rights, allowing citizens to live freely in society.
3. How can citizenship be acquired?
Answer:
Citizenship in India can be acquired through the following ways:
1. By birth – A person born in India gets citizenship.
2. By descent – a child born to Indian parents.
3. By Registration – A foreigner who marries an Indian citizen.
4. By naturalisation – A foreigner who has resided in India for a certain period of time.
5. By inclusion of territory – When a new territory is included in India, the people of that territory get Indian citizenship.
4. With which major events is the struggle for equal citizenship associated?
Answer:
1. Struggle against monarchies - Struggle to abolish the privileges of the king.
2. French Revolution (1789) – Promoted the spirit of equality, liberty and fraternity.
3. Struggle against colonialism in Asia and Africa- Struggle for gaining independence for the colonies.
4. Anti-apartheid struggle in South Africa – the struggle for the rights of black citizens, which lasted until the 1990s.
5. Women and Dalit Movement - Fight for equal rights for women and underprivileged classes.
5. What does full and equal membership mean?
Answer:
Full and equal membership means that citizens should have equal opportunity to live, work, study and develop in the country. It ensures equal access to basic rights, freedoms and government services to citizens.
6. What do outsiders and insiders mean in the context of citizenship?
Answer:
When resources in an area are limited, locals tend to view outsiders as a threat. For example, sentiments such as "Mumbai for Mumbaikars" reflect resistance to outside migrants.
7. What political rights do citizens have in India?
Answer:
In democratic countries, citizens have the following political rights:
Right to vote
Right to contest elections
Right to form a political party
Freedom of expression and belief
Socio-economic rights- minimum wages, education, health services.
8. What are the problems faced by the urban poor living in slums?
Answer:
1. Living conditions - many people live in small rooms, lack of hygiene.
2. Insecurity – Both life and property remain insecure.
3. Government neglect – lack of facilities like sanitation, water supply, electricity.
4. Discrimination – They are considered to spread crime and disease.
5. Low wage work – They do essential work for the society but they do not even get minimum wages.
9. What are the problems related to citizenship for tribals and forest dwellers?
Answer:
1. Livelihood crisis – Their survival is in danger due to their dependence on forests and natural resources.
2. Threat of mining and industrialisation – Their land is under pressure from mining companies and entrepreneurs.
3. Impact of tourism industry – Their areas are being opened up for tourism, which is changing their traditional life.
4. Displacement – They are removed from their place due to government development projects.
5. Threat to culture and identity – Their traditional identity is under threat due to the influence of mainstream culture.
10. How do citizenship rules differ in different countries?
Answer:
1. Israel and Germany – These countries give priority to religion and ethnicity in granting citizenship.
2. France - It promotes secular citizenship, but emphasizes the adoption of French language and culture.
3. India – India has a secular and inclusive outlook, where all citizens have equal rights.
11. What is universal citizenship?
Answer:
Universal citizenship means that every person, regardless of country of origin, has certain basic human rights and protections. These include:
Rights of refugees and illegal migrants
Citizenship on the basis of humanity
Role of the United Nations and other organisations
Solutions to global problems
12. What is the concept of world citizenship?
Answer:
World citizenship means that a person is not only a citizen of his country but of the whole world. Its benefits are:
Communication and the Internet have connected the world.
Global empathy has increased in times of disaster and conflict.
The protection of human rights beyond national borders.
The need for joint global cooperation.
International solutions to problems such as environment and migration.
13. What is India's policy regarding citizenship and migration?
Answer:
India has always adopted a policy of providing shelter to refugees.
In 1959, India granted asylum to the Dalai Lama and his followers.
There has been a constant flow of migrants across India's borders, leaving many illegal migrants without statehood for years.
The promise of democratic citizenship is becoming increasingly difficult to fulfill.
14. What are the major global issues related to citizenship?
Answer:
1. Refugee crisis – people displaced by war, persecution and natural disasters.
2. Illegal immigration – going to other countries without valid documents.
3. Statelessness – When a person does not hold citizenship of any country.
Balancing national identity and global responsibility.
