Question- Is road transport better than rail transport ?
Answer -
- Road transport can transport people or goods home while railways can bring them only to a specific location.
- Roads can be constructed even in hilly and other inaccessible areas whereas railway lines cannot be constructed in such places.
- Roads are used only to cover short distances.
Question- Tell me the meaning of highways? Tell me their main features?
Answer -
- Highways are paved roads that connect distant places
- Highways are built to provide uninterrupted traffic and flyovers are constructed on them. Red lights are not kept as far as possible.
- These roads are free from breakers and have multiple lanes.
- Their width is approximately 80 metres.
- These roads connect the major cities and ports of the country.
- There are railings on the sides of these roads so that they cannot be crossed anywhere. Traffic continues to move smoothly.
Question- Describe any three major problems of road transport in the world?
Answer -
- The roads are unusable during natural disasters and bad weather conditions.
- The road network is unable to meet the traffic demand and as a result the pressure on the roads increases.
- Construction of roads and their maintenance require huge investments.
Question- Explain the features of Panama Canal.
Answer -
- The Panama Canal is 72 km long between North and South America.
- Due to this canal, the distance between New York in the east of North America and San Francisco in the west has been reduced by 13000 kms through water transport. Similarly, the distance between Western Europe and the western coast of US has been reduced.
- D. Transportation is easy between the eastern and western coasts of America.
- This canal has helped in increasing trade between the nations of South America.
Question- Explain the importance of air transport?
Answer -
- Air transport is the fastest means of transport; hence today no place in the world is more than 35 hours away.
- Through this, valuable goods and life saving medicines can be delivered to their destination quickly and in less time.
- In inaccessible places like mountains, swamps, ravines, forests etc., transportation is possible only through air transport. In times of emergency and war, the importance of air transport increases a lot.
Question- Why does congestion occur on roads? Explain the measures to solve the problems of transport congestion?
Answer -
When the road network is not able to develop according to the requirements of traffic, congestion increases on the roads. This is also called traffic jam.
- Improvement of public bus services
- Widening the roads and improving their quality.
- Construction of bridges, flyovers and dual carriageways.
- To control the number of private vehicles by imposing higher parking charges.
Question- Explain the features of Suez Canal.
Answer -
- This canal was constructed in Egypt in 1869.
- This canal connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea.
- It is approximately 180 kilometers long and 11 to 15 meters deep.
- Through this canal the distance between Europe and South Asia and Australia has reduced in comparison to the Cape Town route.
- 100 ships travel through this canal every day.
Question- Why is the Rhine river waterway the most used waterway in the world? Give any three reasons.
Answer -
The Rhine river waterway is the most used waterway in the world because:-
- It provides transportation facilities passing through the rich coal mining areas of Europe and the entire river basin is highly rich in manufacturing terms.
- This waterway connects the industrial areas of Switzerland, Germany, France, Belgium and Netherlands to the North Atlantic sea route.
- More than 20,000 ocean vessels and over 2 lakh inland cargo vessels exchange goods and materials through this route every year.
Question: Explain the merits and demerits of pipeline transportation.
Answer -
Pine line transport has made unprecedented contribution in the transportation of liquids like water, petroleum and gases.
Advantages of pipeline transport
- Pipelines can be laid through difficult, rough, terrain and even under water.
- Their maintenance cost is relatively low.
- It is a rapid means of transport of aqueous and gaseous substances,
- It is a cheap and environment friendly means.
- Fuel is saved in pipeline transportation and is not affected by weather conditions.
- Through this mode of transport the continuity of supply of materials is maintained.
Defects in pipeline transportation
- Once created, its capacity can neither be decreased nor increased.
- Detecting leakage in the pipeline is also a big problem.
- If a pipeline bursts somewhere, it becomes difficult to repair it.
- It is difficult to arrange for their security in some areas.
Question: Describe any four characteristics of the Trans-Siberian Railway.
Answer -
- It is the longest transcontinental railway line in the world
- This railway extends from St. Petersburg in the west to Vladivostok on the Pacific Ocean coast in the east.
- It is 9322 km long, electrified with double track
- It is an important railway line of Asia.
Question- It connects Asian region to Western European markets. There are connecting routes connecting this railway line to the south.
Answer -
- The railway passes through the Ural Mountains, the Ob and Yenisei rivers.
