1. What are the main components of physical fitness?
Answer:
The main components of physical fitness are as follows:
- Strength
- Flexibility
- Endurance
- Speed
2. What are the functional factors that determine power?
Answer:
- Muscle size: Larger and developed muscles produce more power.
- Body weight: People who weigh more generate more power.
- Muscle structure: White (fast twitch) fibers produce more power.
- Strength of nerve impulse: The intensity of nerve impulses produces more force in the muscles.
3. What are the factors that determine flexibility?
Answer:
- Muscular strength: Minimal strength is required for flexibility.
- Structure of joints: Some joints are more mobile than others.
- Indoor environment: Flexibility is greater in warmer temperatures.
- Injury: Injury to the connective tissues can reduce flexibility.
- Age: Flexibility decreases with age.
- Lifestyle: An active lifestyle increases flexibility.
4. What effect does exercise have on the muscular system?
Answer:
- The temperature of the muscles increases.
- Muscle fatigue is delayed.
- There is an increase in blood flow.
- Hypertrophy of the muscles occurs.
- There is a reduction of excess fat in the body.
- Balance, strength, co-ordination and agility are improved.
5. What is the difference between white and red fibers?
Answer:
6. What are the types of sports injuries?
Answer:
- Soft tissue injuries – injuries to the skin, muscles, ligaments.
- Hard tissue injuries – injuries to the bones and joints.
- Joint injuries – joint dislocations and sprains.
- Bone injuries (fractures) - Different types of bone breaks.
7. What are soft tissue injuries?
Answer:
Injuries to the skin, muscles, and ligaments are called soft tissue injuries.
8. What is joint dislocation?
Answer:
Joint dislocation is when two joined bones move out of position.
9. What is a fracture and what are its types?
Answer:
Any break in a bone is called a fracture.
Type:
- Greenstick Fracture: Occurs due to softening of bones in childhood.
- Comminuted fracture: The bone breaks into more than two pieces.
- Transverse Fracture: The bone breaks at a right angle.
- Oblique Fracture: The bone breaks on a diagonal.
- Impacted fracture: The ends of the bones push into each other.
10. What are the physical changes caused by aging?
Answer:
The following physical changes occur due to ageing:
- Decreased muscle strength and mass.
- Nervous system changes (decreased sense of ear, nose, vision, and smell).
- Decreased functionality of the digestive system.
- Decreased bone density, which increases the risk of osteoporosis.
11. What factors influence the symptoms of old age?
