Physical Education and Sports for CWSN Notes in English Class 12 Physical Education Chapter-4 Book-1

 

• Physical Education and Sports for CWSN (Children with Special Needs - Divyaang)

• Organizations promoting sports for the disabled (Special Olympics; Paralympics; Deaflympics)

• The concept of classification and division in sports.

• The concept of inclusion in sports, its need and implementation

• Benefits of Physical Activities for Children with Special Needs

• Strategies to Facilitate Physical Activity for Children with Special Needs

Children with special needs (Divyang children)

Children who have some kind of physical disability and cannot perform all the daily tasks easily like normal children are called children with special needs or CWSN. 

PARALYMPICS

• This game is an Olympic game organised for physically handicapped people. 

• The first Paralympics began in Rome in 1960. 

• 400 disabled players from 23 countries participated in it 

• These games are considered similar to Olympic Games 

• The headquarter of these games is situated in Bonn – Germany.

SPECIAL OLYMPICS

• The Special Olympics began in 1968 in Chicago. 

• Special Olympics International was started by Eunice Kennedy Shriver, sister of former United States President Kennedy. 

• Eunice believed that if intellectually disabled people are given equal opportunities, they can perform very well. She believed that intellectually disabled children can become special players and through sports they can achieve their potential growth and development.

Goals of Special Olympics

• Organising sports competitions for intellectually challenged or disabled people 

• train them 

• giving their talent the right direction

• increasing their physical fitness  

Special Olympics India ( SPECIAL OLYMPICS BHARAT )

Special Olympics is a program in India  that uses sports as a catalyst for children and athletes with intellectual disabilities.  It was founded in 1987 as Special Olympics India and was renamed Special Olympics Bharat in 2001.  It is recognized by the Government of India as the national sports federation for the development of sports for persons with mental disabilities or disabilities or intellectual disabilities. 

Goals of Special Olympics Bharat 

This aims to provide mentally retarded and intellectually disabled persons an opportunity to become useful and productive citizens who are accepted by their society and are given respect and honour.

Deaflympics

• The Deaflympics are the world's largest sporting event for deaf athletes. They are organised by the International Committee of Sports for the Deaf.

• Deaflympics is recognized by the International Olympic Association. Like the Olympic Games, the Deaflympic Games are held every four years. 

• The Deaflympics began in 1924 in Paris. 

Winter Deaflympics

Winter Deaflympics started in 1949. These games started with the performance of only 148 players but now about 4000 players participate in these games.

Player eligibility for Deaflympics 

• To compete in the Deaflympics, a player must have a hearing loss of at least 55 decibels 

• Players may not use any hearing aids while competing. 

• Sound systems cannot be used to start competitions at the Deaflympics. 

• For example, gun sound, whistle sound, etc. 

• Therefore, the football referee uses a flag to start the game and to move the game forward. Flashes of light are used to start the race. Spectators also greet the competitors by waving both hands instead of clapping.

Aims and objectives of Deaflympics -

• Organizing sports competitions for deaf people 

• Providing sports opportunities to deaf players 

• Training of deaf athletes

• use their energy in the right way

• To promote deaf sportspersons in sports without any discrimination 

Classification and division into sports -

According to this, physically disabled players are classified according to their disability. They are divided into different categories according to their disability so that they get equal competition. In this, classification is also done on the basis of age, sex and weight.  

• The concept of inclusion in sports

• The need for inclusion in sports

• Implementation of inclusion in sports -

• The concept of inclusion in sports

Inclusion means enabling students with special needs to study and learn alongside students without special needs.

Students with disabilities participate in the same activities, in the same space, with the same assessments as all other students. Modifications are applied when needed.

When kept in a consistent classroom environment, these students display higher levels of self-esteem than students who are isolated in separate classrooms solely because of their special needs.

Proponents of inclusion believe that students learn best in a community that is diverse, caring, and supportive.

Why inclusion is needed -

• Increased self-esteem

• develop social skills 

• improve communication skills 

• It increases sensitivity 

• boosts self confidence 

• Developing a sense of belonging

• Development of academic performance  

Benefits of physical activities for children with special needs -

• Improved health 

• Increased self-esteem

• Decreased levels of anxiety and stress

• Development of social skills 

• Regular routine 

• Improves concentration 

Strategies to facilitate physical activity for children with special needs -

• pre medical check up 

• Prior Experience 

• Interest 

• Capacity 

• Converted Devices 

• Suitable environment 

• Transformed rules 

• extra care 

Medical Check-up: 

• before participating in physical activities 

• By conducting a physical examination of the disabled 

• His level of physical disability should be checked 

• so that according to his level 

• They can be made to do physical activities.

Previous experience:-

Before determining the physical activities, information about the previous experience of the disabled person should be taken so that the selection of physical activities can be best for him.

Interest: interest 

When physical activities are determined, special attention must be paid to the interests of the disabled person so that he can participate fully in these physical activities.

capability 

Whenever physical activities are determined, the physical and mental ability of the disabled person should be understood so that physical activities can be selected as per his ability.

modified equipment 

Modifications of equipment should always be made according to the level of disability of the person so that he/she can participate in physical activities.

Suitable environment: - Suitable Environment 

While determining physical activities, it must be kept in mind whether the environment is suitable for those activities or not. The environment should have all the facilities related to the activities.

modified rules

Before determining physical activities, their rules should be adapted according to the ability of the disabled person

Use of all parts: 

While determining physical activities, participation of almost all the organs should be ensured in them

Extra care:- 

Before determining physical activities, all accident prevention factors must be reviewed.